What people expected from the 100,000 Genomes Project

After taking part in the 100,000 Genomes Project, results are sent to a participant’s NHS clinical team. Finding out results could give more information about someone’s health and help find the cause of certain health conditions.

It can take many months to analyse somebody’s genome and when we interviewed people they were still waiting for their results. As the project is ongoing, Genomics England have up to date information about the progress of results on their website (see Resources).

People talked about what they hoped to get from taking part in the 100,000 Genomes Project. Many were excited to be part of the project because of the potential benefits to society, and a few had no expectation that results would be of any personal benefit. Kath, for example thought there would be ‘no particular’ benefit for her from participating, although the project might lead to better treatments during her lifetime.

Lucy Z thought the project sounded influential and she hoped it might provide her with extra screening.

Age at interview 53

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 53

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Others were hoping results from the study would improve their own chances of treatment and even maybe lead to a cure. Lucy X felt that for people who didn’t have a diagnosis, the project could ‘blow the roof off people being left in the dark’. Results could also mean getting more information about an undiagnosed or rare condition, finding out about the risk of developing certain future inherited illnesses, and finding out more about the genetic origins of a health condition or whether it might be passed on to future generations (see also Reasons for taking part).

Waiting for Results

Results from the project are sent to the relevant NHS teams that originally took consent from the participants. None of the people we interviewed had received any results from their NHS team when we spoke to them, but many said that they hoped to. Those who had taken part in the pilot study or early parts of the project, were hopeful they would hear soon. Some people were expecting to hear about results within a year of participating while others thought it would take one to two years. Genomics England have reassessed their estimates of waiting times for results during the project and started putting information on their website (See link in Resources page).

Waiting for results could be frustrating, especially if there was no clear information when exactly they would come. Sheila felt that a two year wait would be ‘irritating’. Lucy Y contacted Genomics England herself when she heard some people had had results and she hadn’t. However, Betty had been told ‘it might be a year or two’ so knew it would ‘definitely not [be] soon’. She felt that it would be a complicated process to examine genes ‘one by one’.

Mark and Julie found out they would need to wait longer for their results. They were disappointed about the wait but understood that analysing the results takes time.

Age at interview 50

Age at diagnosis 52

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Some people thought they wouldn’t get any results and didn’t expect to hear anything back. Arthur said it didn’t ‘bother’ him either way. Lucy Z said in some ways she wouldn’t mind not hearing anything back because she wanted to live her life ‘as normal again’ and ‘any trawling over everything, anything that reminds me of my illness, I’d just quite like to close the door on it’.

Pam doesn’t expect any results and would be happy not to hear from Genomics England. Contacting her is time they could spend doing the study.

Age at interview 84

Age at diagnosis 84

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Vicky doesn’t mind if she doesn’t hear anything back as she feels she has helped as much as she can.

Age at interview 74

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 74

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Others, however, said that they would feel disappointed not to hear anything back or get no results. Emma would feel ‘a little misled’ if she didn’t hear anything back while Heather and Julie would be disappointed, even though they understood that the project ‘couldn’t guarantee […] a result’. A few weren’t exactly sure about what they could expect from the project, whether they would get any results and when this would be. There was ‘a lot going on’ when the nurse told Vanessa about the project and she didn’t mention anything to Vanessa about getting results personally.

Grandma Football expects that she might hear about the results when she next sees her consultant. She would have liked a letter from Genomics England just to say everything had gone as planned.

Age at interview 70

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 70

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Kath wasn’t told anything about getting results and although she doesn’t expect personal results, would have liked to have some sort of update about the project as a whole.

Age at interview 65

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 64

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How people wanted to receive results

People talked about how they expected to receive their results. Some people preferred to receive information via a letter, while others preferred to hear any results from their hospital doctor or other healthcare professional. Nicola (above) said she would prefer a letter and doesn’t really look at her e-mails.

Kay says that if her results find something she would prefer a letter, whilst if nothing is found she would prefer an appointment with somebody to discuss next options.

Age at interview 35

Gender Female

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Birgit feels that guidance and support are needed when receiving any genetic results.

Age at interview 41

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 41

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What getting results might mean

Most people had a broad understanding of what the project was aiming to achieve and people had their own expectations about what any results might mean for them. Betty hoped that she would have the opportunity eventually to know what her ‘DNA was saying’ about her health. Some people hoped that the results of the project might be used to develop new treatments. Vanessa thought that they might ‘find the gene that is causing the problem’ for people with breast cancer and ‘then go on to find – maybe – a cure’.

Stuart has a degenerative eye condition, Retinitis Pigmentosa, and hopes the project will identify the faulty gene that causes it.

Age at interview 52

Gender Male

Age at diagnosis 37

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Vicky, who was diagnosed with breast cancer, feels if they can find a credible link then they could find a credible cure.

Age at interview 74

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 74

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Grandma football thought the project might find a connection between the illnesses of people in her family and explain why she got cancer.

Age at interview 70

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 70

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People discussed their feelings about what information the results could give them and their families (see also Thinking about the future). Many people weighed up how much they wanted to find out. Some people were unsure and felt that knowing less would be better for them, while others could see the benefits of finding out more. Nicola wondered whether the project might tell people something that they wouldn’t want to know, meaning there would be ‘horrible decisions’ for families to make. Birgit questioned whether knowing everything was a good thing. But Pam said she preferred to know everything so that her family could take precautions.

Nicola isn’st sure she will get any results. She would be panic-stricken if she got an appointment to discuss her results, in case they were going to say her cancer had come back.

Age at interview 57

Gender Female

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Because the information about the project said they would get something back, Leanne had hoped they might find out what is behind her daughter’s condition. She now has reservations.

Age at interview 34

Gender Female

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Nick would rather know if he is predisposed to develop a condition, even if it is untreatable. He was told it would take about a year to process each sample.

Age at interview 52

Gender Male

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Barbara isn’st sure what she’sd do with her results and wonders if finding out that her cancer is genetic would give her daughters something to worry about.

Age at interview 65

Gender Female

Age at diagnosis 65

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See also Deciding to take part, What people expected from 100,000 Genomics Project and Contact with the 100,000 Genomes Project after taking part.