Thinking about antenatal screening and what it is for

Screening in pregnancy is a way of checking whether the fetus (unborn baby) has a health condition. The screening tests offered in pregnancy are either ultrasound scans or blood tests, or a combination of both.

Most people will be told that the chance of their baby having a health condition is very low. Parents we spoke to found this reassuring.

Screening is often seen as routine and parents told us that they did not think about it much beforehand. Some felt it was presented to them just as something everyone did, rather than something they had to make an active choice about. One woman explained she was happy with this approach because she trusted medical advice.

She trusted her doctor’s advice that she should have screening.

Age at interview 26

Gender Female

View profile

Others felt that looking back, maybe more explanation and discussion would have been helpful. Many felt they had been given good information, and that there was a real choice to be made.

(See also Reasons for not having some or all screening and Attitudes to disability and termination).

Most people were aware that screening was looking for conditions such as Downs syndrome or spina bifida. Many did not expect their screening results to show a high chance of this. One woman in her first pregnancy felt screening at various points had also helped divide the pregnancy into reassuring stages.

She was optimistic that screening would be reassuring and give helpful information.

Age at interview 32

Gender Female

View profile

She felt screening helped provide stages for getting through pregnancy.

Age at interview 23

Gender Female

View profile

Some parents had talked about what to do if results showed their baby had a high chance of having a health condition, for example having further tests or ending the pregnancy. Some people waited until after their results to make a decision.

One woman said that screening could take you from one decision to another. People felt that they might react differently when faced with a particular result.

She described the screening process as a ‘Pandora’s box’ where one decision leads to another.

Age at interview 36

Gender Female

View profile

Screening gives you information about the chance of the baby having a condition. Diagnostic tests can give you more definite answers. A woman talked to us about the difference between the two.

She felt well advised by healthcare staff about the purpose and consequences of screening.

Age at interview 33

Gender Female

View profile

(See also Discussing screening choices with your partner and Attitudes to disability and termination).

There were many comments about how scans have become an important part of pregnancy. The chance to see the baby and have a photograph to show friends and family is a major reason for people deciding to have scans. For men, scans can be especially emotional and happy experiences. It makes the baby and becoming a parent seem real.

She and her husband enjoyed the scan, and it made the pregnancy seem real, for him especially.

Age at interview 23

Gender Female

View profile

Scans can make pregnancy seem more real for women too. They have not usually felt the baby move before they have their scans. A woman expecting twins after fertility treatment described her feelings on seeing the two babies at a 6 week scan. She was reassured they were alive and doing well.

Seeing her IVF twins in an early scan was reassuring and amazing, and made pregnancy seem real.

Age at interview 38

Gender Female

View profile

One woman said she knew the photos aren’t the main purpose. Another said people should think carefully about why they are going.

She knew scans were not just for parents to see their baby, and felt doctors had a responsibility…

Age at interview 37

Gender Female

View profile

She would encourage parents to think carefully why they are having screening and what they would…

Age at interview 29

Gender Female

View profile

A few people we talked to had been worried about their screening results. Some had experience of a miscarriage or knew children with particular health conditions. Others had a family history of disabilities (See also Special reasons for wanting screening).

Having a friend who had recently had problems in pregnancy made her worried about screening.

Age at interview 32

Gender Female

View profile

People were more aware of ultrasound scans than blood test screening, which is used to test for conditions such as beta thalassaemia and sickle cell anaemia.

We spoke to some people whose results showed a high chance of their baby having a condition. This news was unexpected.

Deciding to have screening is a real choice, which may involve you in further decision-making.

Age at interview 44

Gender Female

View profile

She did not feel she had much choice about screening and would have liked more information and…

Age at interview 24

Gender Female

View profile

Screening felt like something everybody did rather than a choice.

Age at interview 32

Gender Female

View profile

Antenatal screening

In this section you can find out about the experience of antenatal screening (for various conditions) by seeing and hearing people share their personal stories...