Information for making decisions about antenatal screening

Many people we talked to felt strongly about the need for clear, timely information to help make decisions about antenatal screening. Some really appreciated the way healthcare staff had explained the purpose of screening and what tests they could have.

Her midwifes discussion of screening and possible consequences was excellent.

Age at interview 32

Gender Female

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All pregnant women should be given by their midwife or GP the booklet ‘Screening tests for you and your baby’ by Public Health England which gives detailed information about the types of scan offered and what they are looking for.

Many people found leaflets and written pregnancy guides useful and informative, but some would have liked more face-to-face discussion as well.

Even though her background meant she was well informed about healthcare, she would have liked…

Age at interview 33

Gender Female

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This could be true even for people whose background meant they knew a lot about healthcare. One woman also described the confusion over a sample bottle for cystic fibrosis included in her pregnancy pack.

Her pregnancy pack included a sample container for cystic fibrosis screening, but did not explain…

Age at interview 33

Gender Female

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One woman described a good example of how her midwife took her through the written leaflets she received in her current pregnancy. Another read the leaflets avidly, but found she still had unanswered questions, and turned to her friends and family for advice. One woman took a while to get to grips with all the leaflets. She argued most people could understand issues such as the distinction between screening and diagnosis provided they were properly explained.

The written information was better in her current pregnancy than her first and the midwife…

Age at interview 43

Gender Female

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Written information from her midwife was helpful, but she still had unanswered questions.

Age at interview 28

Gender Female

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Written information can seem overwhelming, but people can understand the difference between…

Age at interview 33

Gender Female

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Several people commented that their understanding of what all the different blood tests were for was vague: see also Blood test screening. More people felt more confident that they understood what the scans were for, although here too people said with hindsight that they had not always appreciated how serious it could be.

It was not always clear what different blood tests were for, but it matters less if the results…

Age at interview 38

Gender Female

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Looking back she felt more explanation of the purpose of the 20-week anomaly scan would have been…

Age at interview 37

Gender Female

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They had not fully appreciated what the 20-week scan was looking for.

Age at interview 32

Gender Female

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Because timing is very important for nuchal translucency scans, it is most effective if done before 14 weeks (it is normally done between 10 and 14 weeks of pregnancy), women need to know about this option early enough and not delay the dating scan past 14 weeks if they want one.

The NHS Fetal Anomaly Screening Programme now recommends that women have the combined screening for Down’s syndrome (blood test and nuchal translucency scan) rather than just the blood test or the nuchal translucency scan on its own. The vast majority of units in England, Scotland and Wales now offer combined screening for Down’s syndrome. The nuchal translucency scan was not routinely available when some of these women were interviewed and some paid privately to have this scan done.

Parents need to know early enough about nuchal scans to be able to book privately if necessary.

Age at interview 33

Gender Female

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Many people said how important it was for staff to take time to explain and answer questions. One woman contrasted her experience of this in the USA with her positive experience in the UK. Another felt her own experience had been very good, but knew others had been less well informed.

She felt professionals she met in the UK gave more time to explain and listen than some staff she…

Age at interview 39

Gender Female

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Staff had informed her clearly about screening options but she knew other women who had been less…

Age at interview 37

Gender Female

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One woman commented as a GP on how time-consuming it can be to inform people properly: for example, many discussions about screening do not include much about the conditions being tested for, as opposed to information about the tests and results.

It is time-consuming for health professionals to inform people fully, especially about all the…

Age at interview 29

Gender Female

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Books proved useful for many people, especially in their first pregnancy, although they used them more for general information about pregnancy than for screening. Advice from family and friends was also more helpful on general pregnancy information.

Books can be helpful, especially in a first pregnancy, but they can also make you anxious.

Age at interview 23

Gender Female

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She found one helpful book with factual information. Talking to friends can make you more anxious.

Age at interview 32

Gender Female

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Antenatal classes usually happened too late to discuss screening. One woman in her second pregnancy discussed looking for information online. She felt that you have to know what questions you need to ask in the first place, which was a common concern amongst first-time mothers.

She looked for information on the internet but found it too technical. You need to know what…

Age at interview 36

Gender Female

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For first-time mothers it is difficult to know what questions to ask and what information you need.

Age at interview 24

Gender Female

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Information is also an important issue at other stages in the screening process. For example, during scans and when people are given the results, and features in many other summaries.

For more information, see our Resources and Information section.